Dr Ramani Durvasula, who is based in Los Angeles, claims that while ‘everybody’ is talking about narcissism, ‘nobody seems to be understanding it.’  By contrast, a toxic person who is not narcissistic probably isn’t beset by insecurity and shame.

Dr Ramani says that a person whose behaviour is toxic rather than narcissistic ‘may not have the same demons and insecurity’ as a narcissist.